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Covariation of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit-Level Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management and In-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Outcomes Following Preterm Birth.

CPQCC Publication
TitleCovariation of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit-Level Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management and In-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Outcomes Following Preterm Birth.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2018
AuthorsHagadorn JI, Bennett MV, Brownell EA, Payton KSE, Benitz WE, Lee HC
JournalJ Pediatr
Volume203
Pagination225-233.e1
Date Published2018 12
ISSN1097-6833
KeywordsBronchopulmonary Dysplasia, California, Cause of Death, Cohort Studies, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent, Female, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Ligation, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Pregnancy, Premature Birth, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)-specific changes in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management are associated with changes in local outcomes in preterm infants.

STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective repeated-measures study of aggregated data included infants born 400-1499 g admitted within 2 days of delivery to NICUs participating in the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative. The period 2008-2015 was divided into four 2-year epochs. For each epoch and NICU, we calculated proportions of infants receiving cyclooxygenase inhibitor (COXI) or PDA ligation and determined NICU-specific changes in these therapies between consecutive epochs. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine adjusted relationships between NICU-specific changes in PDA management and contemporaneous changes in local outcomes.

RESULTS: We included 642 observations of interepoch change at 119 hospitals summarizing 32 094 infants. NICU-specific changes in COXI use and ligation showed significant dose-response associations with contemporaneous changes in adjusted local outcomes. Each percentage point decrease in NICU-specific proportion treated with either COXI or ligation was associated with a 0.21 percentage point contemporaneous increase in adjusted local in-hospital mortality (95% CI 0.06, 0.33; P = .005) among infants born 400-749 g. In contrast, decreasing NICU-specific ligation rate among infants 1000-1499 g was associated with decreasing adjusted local bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P = .009) and death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS: NICU-specific outcomes of preterm birth co-vary with local PDA management. Treatment for PDA closure may benefit some infants born 400-749 g. Decreasing NICU-specific rates of COXI use or ligation were not associated with increases in local adjusted rates of examined adverse outcomes in larger preterm infants.

DOI10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.025
Alternate JournalJ. Pediatr.
PubMed ID30243544