The risk of small for gestational age in very low birth weight infants born to Asian or Pacific Islander mothers in California.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential differences and to show the risk associated with small for gestational age (SGA) at birth and discharge among infants born to mothers of various Asian/Pacific islander (PI) races.

STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective cohort study, infants with weight <1500 g or 23-28 weeks gestation, born in California during 2008-2012 were included. Logistic regression models were used.

RESULTS: Asian and PI infants in ten groups had significant differences in growth parameters, socioeconomic factors, and some morbidities. Overall incidences of SGA at birth and discharge were 21% and 50%, respectively; Indian race had the highest numbers (29%, 63%). Infants of parents with the same race were at increased risk of SGA at birth and discharge compared with mixed race parents.

CONCLUSION: Specific Asian race should be considered when evaluating preterm growth. Careful consideration for the appropriateness of grouping Asian/PI races together in perinatal studies is warranted.